Journal
FEBS JOURNAL
Volume 282, Issue 18, Pages 3500-3524Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/febs.13334
Keywords
chromatin; DNA repair; dynein; interphase; kinesin; microtubules; MTOC; nuclear envelope; nuclear transport; transcription
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Funding
- Israel Cancer Association [20130052]
- Israel Cancer Research Fund
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It is well established that microtubule dynamics play a major role in chromosome condensation and localization during mitosis. During interphase, however, it is assumed that the metazoan nuclear envelope presents a physical barrier, which inhibits interaction between the microtubules located in the cytoplasm and the chromatin fibers located in the nucleus. In recent years, it has become apparent that microtubule dynamics alter chromatin structure and function during interphase as well. Microtubule motor proteins transport several transcription factors and exogenous DNA (such as plasmid DNA) from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Various soluble microtubule components are able to translocate into the nucleus, where they bind various chromatin elements leading to transcriptional alterations. In addition, microtubules may apply force on the nuclear envelope, which is transmitted into the nucleus, leading to changes in chromatin structure. Thus, microtubule dynamics during interphase may affect chromatin spatial organization, as well as transcription, replication and repair.
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