Experimental study of liquid nitrogen spray characteristics in atmospheric environment

A comprehensive understanding of the spray characteristics at the macroscopic and microscopic levels is crucial for taking advantage of a liquid nitrogen spray. In this study, an open cycle system is developed for investigating the liquid nitrogen spray characteristics of two fine fog nozzles with different outlet diameters in an atmospheric environment. The effect of the injection pressure and nozzle orifice diameter on the mass flow rate, discharge coefficient, spray field pattern, and spray cone angle are obtained, as well as the droplet spatial distribution. The correlation between these parameters could benefit the selection of spray nozzles in a cryogenic spray cooling system.