Heat transfer performance of flexible oscillating heat pipes for electric/hybrid-electric vehicle battery thermal management

In this paper, three flexible oscillating heat pipes (FOHPs) were experimentally tested to evaluate the effects of adiabatic length and structural style on the start-up, evaporator temperature and overall thermal resistance. The adiabatic sections of FOHPs were made of fluororubber tubes with an inner diameter of 4 mm. Deionized water was used as the working fluid at a volumetric filling ratio of 50%. The evaporator temperature could be maintained below 50 degrees C when the power inputs were about 121, 51 and 25 W for I shape FOHPs at adiabatic lengths of 570, 700 and 870 mm, respectively. The bending of adiabatic section had a negative impact on the thermo-hydrodynamic behaviour of FOHPs due to the increase in two-phase flow resistance and reduction in pump power provided by the gravity and therefore degrading the heat pipe performance. Although the reduction of adiabatic length reduced the evaporator temperature and elevated the FOHP performance featured by I and stair-step shapes, the best performance appeared at the adiabatic length of 700 mm for inverted-U and N shape FOHPs. FOHPs with small bending exhibited acceptable heat transfer performance, providing a possible solution for electric/hybrid-electric vehicle battery thermal management.