Journal
APPLIED ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
Volume 16, Issue 2, Pages 1797-1817Publisher
CORVINUS UNIV BUDAPEST
DOI: 10.15666/aeer/1602_17971817
Keywords
chlorophyll; carotenoid; Fe; Na; K; dry weight
Categories
Funding
- University of Isfahan
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Excess of salt and cadmium (Cd) damage the plant's growth; however, Cd toxicity is more severe under saline condition. Triticum aestivum transmembrane 20 (TaTM20) and salt overly sensitive (SOS) respond to salinity. Moreover, wheat-Azospirillum association system leads to an increase in wheat tolerance to abiotic stresses. Less information exists related to the effect of salinity and Cd under wheat-Azospirillum associated system. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of Azospirillum-wheat association under salinity and/or Cd stresses. Wheat seedlings (Sardari cultivar) inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense Sp7and grown for five days, and then transferred into hydroponic media for five more days with and without 200 mmol NaCl and/or 50 mg L-1 Cd, respectively. Root and shoot samples were separated and then dry weight, proline, photosynthetic pigments, catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities, Cd, Fe, Ca, Na, K were measured. Simultaneously, relative expression of TaSOS1 and TaTM20 in the root were measured. The results show salinity and/or Cd have increased root's TaSOS1 expression and higher upregulation was seen in inoculated seedlings. Meanwhile TaTM20 gene expression upregulated only under Cd and Cd plus salinity conditions. Salinity and/or Cd were increased root and shoot proline, CAT, APX, Na+ and Cd whereas dry weight, pigments, Fe, Ca, K were decreased. A. brasilense could improve salinity and Cd adverse effects by more upregulation of TaSOS1 transcript level, lower Na/K ratio and less Fe and Ca deficiency, higher pigments, proline and APX and CAT activities to produce more dry weight.
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