Journal
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
Volume 221, Issue -, Pages 482-489Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2017.09.046
Keywords
Bismuth/graphene oxide composite; Localized surface plasmon resonance; Photocatalysis; In situ DRIFT; Density functional theory
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21501016, 51478070, 21777011]
- National Key R D project [2016YFC0204702]
- Innovative Research Team of Chongqing [CXTDG201602014]
- Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing [cstc2016jcyjA0481, cstc2017jcyjBX0052, cstc2016jcyjA0154]
- Science and the innovative project from Chongqing Technology and Business [yjscxx2017-066-62]
- Chongqing Postdoctoral Science Foundation [Xm2016020]
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This work reports a facile approach to monodisperse bismuth nanospheres (Bi-NPs), which are then evenly assembled on graphene oxide (GO) via a solution-based sonication method. The resultant Bi-NPs@GO composite can serve as a robust direct plasmonic photocatalyst to remove 42.3% of ppb-level NO from a continuous flow under UV illumination. Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of Bi nanospheres were confirmed by a numerical simulations and the intense LSPR on Bi nanospheres under UV illumination accounts for the generation of energetic hot electron/hole pairs for NO removal. Experimental results combined with the density functional theory calculation analysis indicate that the abundant carboxyl groups on GO play crucial roles in whole photocatalysis: (i) form a directional carrier deliver channel: Bi -> C-graphene -> C-COOH -> O-COOH, facilitating the hot electrons transfer from the plasmonic Bi nanospheres to carboxyl groups and encouraging the carrier separation efficiency, (ii) enrich the reactant concentrations (O-2 and NO) around catalyst surface by adsorption, promoting the generation of active radicals center dot O-2(-) and the sequent oxidation of NO. Further examination of the photocatalytic NO oxidation by in situ DRIFT confirms the key roles of carboxyl groups as adsorption/reaction centers for photocatalytic NO oxidation, as well as the pathway of NO oxidation to nontoxic nitrate on the catalyst.
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