Journal
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
Volume 30, Issue 8, Pages 1083-1095Publisher
MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC
DOI: 10.1089/ars.2018.7502
Keywords
NEET proteins; cancer; ROS; iron-sulfur; NAF-1; mitoNEET
Funding
- Israel Science Foundation [ISF-865/13]
- National Science Foundation [IOS-1353886, IOS-0639964, IOS-0743954, IOS-1557787, PHY-1427654]
- University of North Texas, College of Arts and Sciences
- Lady Davis and Jacob and Lena Joels Memorial Foundation fund
- NSF-BSF [NSF-MCB-1613462]
- BSF (Binational Science Foundation (BSF) [2015831]
- National Institutes of Health [DK4441]
- Welch Foundation [C-1792]
- [NSF-CHE 1614101]
- [NF-1241332]
- Div Of Molecular and Cellular Bioscience
- Direct For Biological Sciences [1614101] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Significance: Cancer cells accumulate high levels of iron and reactive oxygen species (ROS) to promote their high metabolic activity and proliferation rate. However, high levels of iron and ROS can also lead to enhanced oxidative stress and the activation of cell death pathways such as apoptosis and ferroptosis. This has led to the proposal that different drugs that target iron and/or ROS metabolism could be used as anticancer drugs. However, due to the complex role iron and ROS play in cells, the majority of these drugs yielded mixed results, highlighting a critical need to identify new players in the regulation of iron and ROS homeostasis in cancer cells. Recent Advances: NEET proteins belong to a newly discovered class of iron-sulfur proteins (2Fe-2S) required for the regulation of iron and ROS homeostasis in cells. Recent studies revealed that the NEET proteins NAF-1 (CISD2) and mitoNEET (CISD1) play a critical role in promoting the proliferation of cancer cells, supporting tumor growth and metastasis. Moreover, the function of NEET proteins in cancer cells was found to be dependent of the degree of lability of their 2Fe-2S clusters. Critical Issues: NEET proteins could represent a key regulatory link between the maintenance of high iron and ROS in cancer cells, the activation of cell death and survival pathways, and cellular proliferation. Future Directions: Because the function of NEET proteins depends on the lability of their clusters, drugs that target the 2Fe2S clusters of NEET proteins could be used as promising anticancer drugs.
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