Journal
EXPERT REVIEW OF PROTEOMICS
Volume 12, Issue 5, Pages 499-517Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1586/14789450.2015.1084231
Keywords
cancer; chromatin; epigenetics; histone; histone variants; mass spectrometry; post-translational modifications; proteomics; translational medicine
Categories
Funding
- NIH [R01GM110174, DP2OD007447]
- National Cancer Institute [5R01CA149566, 5R21CA185365]
- NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE [R01CA149566, R21CA185365] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES [R01GM110174] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR, NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH [DP2OD007447] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Chromatin biology and epigenetics are scientific fields that are rapid expanding due to their fundamental role in understanding cell development, heritable characters and progression of diseases. Histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) are major regulators of the epigenetic machinery due to their ability to modulate gene expression, DNA repair and chromosome condensation. Large-scale strategies based on mass spectrometry have been impressively improved in the last decade, so that global changes of histone PTM abundances are quantifiable with nearly routine proteomics analyses and it is now possible to determine combinatorial patterns of modifications. Presented here is an overview of the most utilized and newly developed proteomics strategies for histone PTM characterization and a number of case studies where epigenetic mechanisms have been comprehensively characterized. Moreover, a number of current epigenetic therapies are illustrated, with an emphasis on cancer.
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