Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY, VOL 58
Volume 58, Issue -, Pages 583-601Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010617-052844
Keywords
toxicity; multivitamin; multimineral; soy protein isolate; isoflavones; bodybuilding supplements; herb-drug interaction
Categories
Funding
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM [R37AA009300, R37AA018282] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NIAAA NIH HHS [R01 AA018282, R37 AA018282, R37 AA009300] Funding Source: Medline
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Over 70% of Americans take some form of dietary supplement every day, and the supplement industry is currently big business, with a gross of over $28 billion. However, unlike either foods or drugs, supplements do not need to be registered or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) prior to production or sales. Under the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994, the FDA is restricted to adverse report monitoring postmarketing. Despite widespread consumption, there is limited evidence of health benefits related to nutraceutical or supplement use in well-nourished adults. In contrast, a small number of these products have the potential to produce significant toxicity. In addition, patients often do not disclose supplement use to their physicians. Therefore, the risk of adverse drug-supplement interactions is significant. An overview of the major supplement and nutraceutical classes is presented here, together with known toxic effects and the potential for drug interactions.
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