Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING, VOL 20
Volume 20, Issue -, Pages 197-220Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-062117-121156
Keywords
mucus composition; mucus barrier; mucosal drug delivery; mucoadhesive particles; mucus penetration; mucolytic
Categories
Funding
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF BIOMEDICAL IMAGING AND BIOENGINEERING [R01EB021908] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES [R01GM098117] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NIBIB NIH HHS [R01 EB021908] Funding Source: Medline
- NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM098117] Funding Source: Medline
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Mucus selectively controls the transport of molecules, particulate matter, and microorganisms to the underlying epithelial layer. It may be desirable to weaken the mucus barrier to enable effective delivery of drug carriers. Alternatively, the mucus barrier can be strengthened to prevent epithelial interaction with pathogenic microbes or other exogenous materials. The dynamic mucus layer can undergo changes in structure (e.g., pore size) and/or composition (e.g., protein concentrations, mucin glycosylation) in response to stimuli that occur naturally or are purposely administered, thus altering its barrier function. This review outlines mechanisms by which mucus provides a selective barrier and methods to engineer the mucus layer from the perspective of strengthening or weakening its barrier properties. In addition, we discuss strategic design of drug carriers and dosing formulation properties for efficient delivery across the mucus barrier.
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