Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF BIOCHEMISTRY, VOL 87
Volume 87, Issue -, Pages 451-478Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-062917-011942
Keywords
ribosome; protein synthesis; antibiotics; mechanisms of inhibition; antibiotic resistance; drug design
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Funding
- NIGMS NIH HHS [P01 GM022778] Funding Source: Medline
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Genetic information is translated into proteins by the ribosome. Structural studies of the ribosome and of its complexes with factors and inhibitors have provided invaluable information on the mechanism of protein synthesis. Ribosome inhibitors are among the most successful antimicrobial drugs and constitute more than half of all medicines used to treat infections. However, bacterial infections are becoming increasingly difficult to treat because the microbes have developed resistance to the most effective antibiotics, creating a major public health care threat. This has spurred a renewed interest in structure-function studies of protein synthesis inhibitors, and in few cases, compounds have been developed into potent therapeutic agents against drug-resistant pathogens. In this review, we describe the modes of action of many ribosome-targeting antibiotics, highlight the major resistance mechanisms developed by pathogenic bacteria, and discuss recent advances in structure-assisted design of new molecules.
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