Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, VOL 11
Volume 11, Issue -, Pages 509-533Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061417-125619
Keywords
MALDI mass spectrometry imaging; microdialysis; magnetic resonance; fluorogenic; electroosmotic sampling; electroosmotic push-pull perfusion
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Funding
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES [R01GM044842] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM044842] Funding Source: Medline
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Enzymes catalyze a variety of biochemical reactions in the body and, in conjunction with transporters and receptors, control virtually all physiological processes. There is great value in measuring enzyme activity ex vivo and in vivo. Spatial and temporal differences or changes in enzyme activity can be related to a variety of natural and pathological processes. Several analytical approaches have been developed to meet this need. They can be classified broadly as methods either based on artificial substrates, with the goal of creating images of diseased tissue, or based on natural substrates, with the goal of understanding natural processes. This review covers a selection of these methods, including optical, magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry, and physical sampling approaches, with a focus on creative chemistry and method development that make ex vivo and in vivo measurements of enzyme activity possible.
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