Journal
EXPERT REVIEW OF CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 11, Issue 11, Pages 1255-1263Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1586/1744666X.2015.1080121
Keywords
antiphospholipid antibodies; antiphospholipid syndrome; arterial thrombosis; pregnancy morbidity; venous thrombosis
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Funding
- National Fund of Science and Technology, Ministry of Culture and Education, Argentina [PICT 2010-1173]
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Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by clinical symptoms of vascular thrombosis and/or pregnancy morbidity in the presence of autoimmune antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). Current laboratory APS criteria include the presence of at least one of the three relevant aPL: lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin antibodies and anti-beta(2) glycoprotein I antibodies. Therefore, patients could have a single aPL pattern or combinations of aPL. Evidence arising from clinical experience indicates that patients having the highest aPL titer and simultaneous aPL detected by different tests have a worse prognosis and a higher probability of recurrence of the APS clinical features. In recent years, an emerging role of multiple aPL positivity in the identification of high-risk patients with aPL/APS is evident. This paper will review the current knowledge on the clinical relevance of having single or multiple aPL positivity.
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