Journal
ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
Volume 28, Issue 4, Pages 249-257Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2018.02.001
Keywords
Folate; Diabetes; Insulin resistance; Meta-analysis
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Purpose: Observationally, homocysteine is associated with higher risk of diabetes. Folate, which reduces homocysteine, is promising for the prevention and treatment of diabetes. Previous meta-analysis of three trials suggested folate might lower hemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)). Methods: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of placebo-controlled randomized trials was conducted. We searched PubMed using (folate or folic acid) and trial and (glucose or diabetes or insulin or hemoglobin A(1c) or HbA(1c)) in any field until February 3, 2017. We also conducted a bibliographic search of selected studies and relevant reviews. Relative risk of diabetes and mean differences in indicators of glucose metabolism between folate and placebo were summarized in a meta-analysis using inverse variance weighting with random effects. Heterogeneity, publication bias, and risk of bias were also assessed. Results: Eighteen trials of 21,081 people with/without diabetes were identified. Folate decreased fasting glucose (-0.15 mmol/L, 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.29 to -0.01), homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (-0.83, 95% CI -1.31 to -0.34), and insulin (-1.94 mu IU/mL, 95% CI -3.28 to -0.61) but had no clear effect on diabetes or HbA(1c). Conclusions: Our study suggests a potential benefit of folate on insulin resistance and glycemic control; the latter requires examination in more high-quality trials. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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