Nanomaterial-functionalized Cellulose: Design, Characterization and Analytical Applications

Cellulose-nanomaterial hybrid systems are promising platforms for the development of portable devices that can be used for fast and inexpensive analysis in the clinical, environmental and food monitoring fields. By combining the chemical and physical properties of the cellulosic network with the unique optical, electrical and catalytic functions of nanomaterials, it is possible to create versatile devices with engineered sensing functions. This review describes the most commonly used types of nanomaterials, their unique properties and assembly in hybrid structures in conjunction with cellulose paper and provides an overview of the most commonly used detection methodologies and their performance for selected applications. Finally, future perspectives and challenges to the implementation of these devices for real world applications are discussed, with focus on method optimization, validation and regulation in order to reach consumers.