Journal
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 90, Issue 10, Pages 6240-6246Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00850
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Funding
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [51308]
- DTRA [HDTRA1-14-C-0037]
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering
- Swedish Research Council (VR)
- International Outgoing Marie Curie Fellowship [IOF-GA-2013-622879-ENVIRO]
- Summer Research Experience for Undergraduates of the Harvard Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (MRSEC REU under NSF) [DMR-1420570]
- Banco Santander
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This paper describes the design and characterization of an open-source universal wireless electrochemical detector (UWED). This detector interfaces with a smartphone (or a tablet) using Bluetooth Low Energy protocol; the smartphone provides (i) a user interface for receiving the experimental parameters from the user and visualizing the result in real time, and (ii) a proxy for storing, processing, and transmitting the data and experimental protocols. This approach simplifies the design, and decreases both the size and the cost of the hardware; it also makes the UWED adaptable to different types of analyses by simple modification of the software. The UWED can perform the most common electroanalytical techniques of potentiometry, chronoamperometry, cyclic voltammetry, and square wave voltammetry, with results closely comparable to benchtop commercial potentiostats. Although the operating ranges of electrical current and voltage of the UWED (+/- 1.5 V, +/- 180 mu A) are more limited than most benchtop commercial potentiostats, its functional range is sufficient for most electrochemical analyses in aqueous solutions. Because the UWED is simple, small in size, assembled from inexpensive components, and completely wireless, it offers new opportunities for the development of affordable diagnostics, sensors, and wearable devices.
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