Bidirectional Electrochemiluminescence Color Switch: An Application in Detecting Multimarkers of Prostate Cancer

A selective excitation of [Ir(df-ppy)(2)(pic)] and [Ru(bpy)(3)](2+) through tuning the electrode potential is reported in this work. Bidirectional color change from blue-green to red could be observed along with increase and decrease of the potential, which was ascribed to the dual potential excitation property of [Ir(df-ppy)(2)(pic)]. Similar to the three-electrode system, selective excitation of ECL could be achieved at the anode of the bipolar electrode (BPE). Both increase and decrease of the faradic reactions at the cathode of the BPE could induce ECL reporting color at the other pole switched from blue-green to red. We applied a closed BPE device for the bioanalysis of multicolor ECL since the organic solvent containing electrochemiluminophores could be separated from the bioanalytes. On the basis of BPE arrays coupled with the ECL switch, the detection of three biomarkers of prostate cancer, PSA, microRNA-141, and sarcosine were integrated in a same device. The cutoff values of the biomarkers could be recognized directly by the naked eye. Such a device holds great potential in the early diagnosis of prostate cancer.