Journal
ANALYST
Volume 143, Issue 2, Pages 429-439Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c7an01488k
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21405172, 21775162, 31470415, 81670064, 21575159]
- program of Youth Innovation Promotion Association, CAS [2015170]
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, CAS [KF2016-22]
- Key Laboratory of Sensor Analysis of Tumor Marker Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Science and Technology [SATM201705]
- Instrument Developing Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
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Formaldehyde (FA) is an endogenously produced reactive carbonyl species (RCS) through biological metabolic processes whose concentration is closely related to human health and disease. Noninvasive and real-time detection of FA concentration in organisms is very important for revealing the physiological and pathological functions of FA. Herein, we design and synthesize a reversible fluorescent probe BOD-NH2 for the detection of FA in living cells and in vivo. The probe is composed of two moieties: the BODIPY fluorophore and the primary amino group response unit. The probe undergoes an intracellular aldimine condensation reaction with FA and forms imine (C=N) which will result in C=N isomerization and rotation to turn-off the fluorescence of the probe. It is important that the probe can show a reversible response to FA. The probe BOD-NH2 has been successfully applied for detecting and imaging FA in the cytoplasm of living cells. BOD-NH2 is capable of detecting fluctuations in the levels of endogenous and exogenous FA in different types of living cells. The probe can be used to visualize the FA concentration in fresh hippocampus and the probe can further qualitatively evaluate the FA concentrations in ex vivo-dissected organs. Moreover, BOD-NH2 can also be used for imaging in mice. The above applications make our new probe a potential chemical tool for the study of physiological and pathological functions of FA in cells and in vivo.
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