Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
Volume 46, Issue 9, Pages 2242-2252Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1177/0363546518780991
Keywords
osteochondral defect; cell transplantation; mesenchymal stem cells; sphere formation
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Funding
- Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute - Ministry of Health and Welfare, Republic of Korea [HI15C2424]
- Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea - Ministry of Science and ICT [NRF-2015R1A2A1A15054779]
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Background: Engraftment and longevity of transplanted cells are crucial for stem cell-based cartilage treatment. Purpose: To determine whether cultured spherical cell masses of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) could improve engraftment at defect sites and to examine their corresponding effects on osteochondral regeneration. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A cylindrical osteochondral defect (5 mm wide x 5 mm deep) was created in trochlear grooves of rabbit knees. The single-cell type of hBM-MSCs with fibrin glue, the spherical type of hBM-MSCs with fibrin glue, and cell-free fibrin glue (control) were each implanted into osteochondral defect sites. A total of 18 rabbit knees were randomly assigned to 1 of the 3 groups (3 rabbits per group). Animals were sacrificed at 6 and 12 weeks after transplantation. Repaired tissues were evaluated via gross examination, histologic examination, and immunofluorescence analysis. Results: Transplantation with spherical hBM-MSCs exhibited superior overall osteochondral restoration when compared with the single-type group, as evidenced by well-ordered mature collagen fibrils produced during subchondral bone formation in the zonation phenomenon. Immunofluorescence analysis of osteochondral defect areas with human-specific antigen revealed a larger number of mesenchymal stem cells in the spherical-type group than the single cell-type group. Conclusion: Transplantation of spherical hBM-MSCs was better than single cells from monolayer culture in improving osteochondral regeneration.
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