Journal
JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH ON MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS
Volume 3, Issue 3, Pages 136-141Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.jarmap.2016.06.001
Keywords
Acorus calamus; Drying methods; Distillation time; Essential oil; Beta asarone
Categories
Funding
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India [BSC0110]
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Experiments were conducted to study the effect of drying methods and distillation time on essential oil content and composition of Acorus calamus L. rhizomes under western Himalaya during 2013-2014. In the first experiment, the effect of different drying methods (sun drying, shade drying, oven drying at 40 degrees C for 60 h and 70 degrees C for 24 h) on essential oil content and composition of vacha (Acorus calamus) rhizomes was studied. Volatile oil content and composition of dried rhizomes were determined by Clevenger type apparatus and GC-MS method, respectively. Drying the rhizomes under sun recorded significantly higher essential oil content (3.3 + 0.0%) as compared to other methods. However, beta-asarone (53.9 + 0.1%) which is not desired in higher concentration was low in oven dried rhizomes at 40 degrees C for 60 h as compared to rhizomes of other drying methods. In second experiment, the effect of distillation time (6 h, 12 h, 18 h and 24 h) was studied. Analysis of data revealed that the essential oil increased significantly with distillation time up to 24 h. Concentration of low boiling point essential oil constituents viz., linalool, bornylene decreased with increase in distillation time but trend reversed for high boiling point constituents viz., beta-asarone and acorone. Thus drying of rhizomes in oven at 40 degrees C for 60 h and distillation of dried rhizomes for 24 h maintained the quality of essential oil. (C) 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
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