Journal
AEROSOL AND AIR QUALITY RESEARCH
Volume 18, Issue 4, Pages 884-894Publisher
TAIWAN ASSOC AEROSOL RES-TAAR
DOI: 10.4209/aaqr.2017.01.0056
Keywords
Elemental carbon; Organic carbon; Radiative forcing
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Funding
- MoES, Govt. of India
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The radiative forcing of elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) has been estimated over two urban environments in Northern India (Jabalpur [JBL] and Udaipur [UDPR]) from November 2011 till November 2012 (till September 2012 over Jabalpur). The elemental carbon concentrations reached 7.36 +/- 1.99 mu g m(-3) over JBL and were as high as 10.78 +/- 4.85 mu g m(-3) over UDPR, whereas the corresponding OC concentrations were much higher in different months (as high as 19.37 +/- 12.6 mu g m(-3) over JBL and 39.71 +/- 13.05 mu g m(-3) over UDPR). The radiative forcing for OC and EC has been estimated using an optical model along with a radiative transfer model. The surface OC radiative forcing was found to range from -2.19 +/- 1.93 W m(-2) to -3.083 +/- 2.29 W m(-2) over JBL and -1.97 +/- 1.37 to -5.89 +/- 2.17 W m(-2) over UDPR, whereas the estimated top of the atmosphere (TOA) forcing ranged from -0.87 +/- 0.49 to -1.87 +/- 0.90 W m(-2) over JBL and from -1.23 +/- 0.31 to -3.44 +/- 1.51 W m(-2) over UDPR. However, the effect of EC forcing (as high as -21.75 W m(-2) at the surface of and +6.3 W m(-2) at TOA over JBL and -38.21 W m(-2) at the surface of and +5.05 W m(-2) at TOA over UDPR) was found to be more than tenfold higher than OC forcing due to its strong atmospheric absorption, in spite of much lower concentrations compared to OC.
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