Bioinspired Surfaces with Superamphiphobic Properties: Concepts, Synthesis, and Applications

Among diverse wetting phenomena in surface science, superamphiphobicity is regarded as one of the most special super-antiwetting states. In this paper, a systematic summary is presented to cover the characterization of surface wettability, the construction techniques, and selected functional applications. With respect to fabrication techniques, the following three types of technology routes, viz., pre-texturing + post-modifying, pre-modifying + post-texturing, and in situ one-step construction will be discussed. The merits and demerits of each technology route are discussed. It is vital to rationally design or adopt appropriate construction strategies in diverse conditions. Appropriately constructed superamphiphobic multifunctional surfaces can be applied in many fields, however, most have not been scaled-up and utilized for practical applications due to some specific difficulties required to be resolved in the future. These challenges and further outlook for super-antiwetting surfaces are discussed in this review.