Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 12, Issue 4, Pages 3502-3511Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b00304
Keywords
3D printing; complex architectures; graphene; mixed-dimensional hybrid aerogels; nonplanar geometries
Categories
Funding
- Foundation for National Natural Science Foundation of China [51425203, 51772191]
- Program of Shanghai Subject Chief Scientist [15XD1501900]
- Shanghai Rising-Star Program [15QA1402700]
- International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China [2015DFE52870]
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Graphene-based mixed-dimensional materials hybridization is important for a myriad of applications. However, conventional manufacturing techniques face critical challenges in producing arbitrary geometries with programmable features, continuous interior networks, and multimaterials homogeneity. Here we propose a generalized three-dimensional (3D) printing methodology for graphene aerogels and graphene-based mixed-dimensional (2D + nD, where n is 0, 1, or 2) hybrid aerogels with complex architectures, by the development of hybrid inks and printing schemes to enable mix-dimensional hybrids printability, overcoming the limitations of multicomponents inhomogeneity and harsh post-treatments for additives removal. Importantly, nonplanar designed geometries are also demonstrated by shape-conformable printing on curved surfaces. We further demonstrate the 3D-printed hybrid aerogels as ultrathick electrodes in a symmetric compression tolerant microsupercapacitor, exhibiting quasi-proportionally enhanced areal capacitances at high levels of mass loading. The excellent performance is attributed to the sufficient ion- and electron-transport paths provided by the 3D-printed highly interconnected networks. The encouraging finding indicates tremendous potentials for practical energy storage applications. As a proof of concept, this general strategy provides avenues for various next-generation complex-shaped hybrid architectures from microscale to macroscale, for example, seawater desalination devices, electromagnetic shielding systems, and so forth.
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