Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 12, Issue 4, Pages 3646-3657Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b00759
Keywords
nanoparticles; amphiphilic; Janus particles; lipid bilayer; membrane defects; particle-membrane interaction
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation [1705384]
- Div Of Chem, Bioeng, Env, & Transp Sys
- Directorate For Engineering [1705384] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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The surface coatings of nanoparticles determine their interaction with biomembranes, but studies have been limited almost exclusively to nanoparticles with a uniform surface chemistry. Although nanoparticles are increasingly made with complex surface chemistries to achieve multi-functionalities, our understanding of how a heterogeneous surface coating affects particle-biomembrane interaction has been lagging far behind. Here we report an investigation of this question in an experimental system consisting of amphiphilic two-faced Janus nanoparticles and supported lipid membranes. We show that amphiphilic Janus nanoparticles at picomolar concentrations induce defects in zwitterionic lipid bilayers. In addition to revealing the various effects of hydrophobicity and charge in particle bilayer interactions, we demonstrate that the Janus geometry-the spatial segregation of hydrophobicity and charges on particle surface causes nanoparticles to bind more strongly to bilayers and induce defects more effectively than particles with uniformly mixed surface functionalities. We combine experiments with computational simulation to further elucidate how amphiphilic Janus nanoparticles extract lipids to rupture intact lipid bilayers. This study provides direct evidence that the spatial arrangement of surface functionalities on a nanoparticle, rather than just its overall surface chemistry, plays a crucial role in determining how it interacts with biological membranes.
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