Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 12, Issue 4, Pages 3853-3864Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b01129
Keywords
mesoporous silicon; magnesiothermic reduction; zeolites; energy storage; Li-ion battery
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Funding
- Human Resource Training Program for Regional Innovation and Creativity through the Ministry of Education
- Human Resource Training Program for Regional Innovation and Creativity through the National Research Foundation of Korea [NRF-2014H1C1A1073093]
- National Research Foundation of Korea Grant - Ministry of Education [NRF-2017R1A2B4002940]
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For the practical use of high-capacity silicon anodes in high-energy lithium-based batteries, key issues arising from the large volume change of silicon during cycling must be addressed by the facile structural design of silicon. Herein, we discuss the zeolite-templated magnesio-thermic reduction synthesis of mesoporous silicon (mpSi) (mpSi-Y,-B, and -Z derived from commercial zeolite Y, Beta, and ZSM-5, respectively) microparticles having large pore volume (0.4-0.5 cm(3)/g), wide open pore size (19-31 nm), and small primary silicon particles (20-35 nm). With these appealing mpSi particle structural features, a series of mpSi/C composites exhibit outstanding performance including excellent cycling stabilities for 500 cycles, high specific and volumetric capacities (1100-1700 mAh g(-1) and 640-1000 mAh cm(-3) at 100 mA g(-1)), high Coulombic efficiencies (approximately 100%), and remarkable rate capabilities, whereas conventional silicon nanoparticles (SiNP)/C demonstrate limited cycle life. These enhanced electrochemical responses of mpSi/C composites are further manifested by low impedance build-up, high Li ion diffusion rate, and small electrode thickness changes after cycling compared with those of SiNP/C composite. In addition to the outstanding electrochemical properties, the low-cost materials and high-yield processing make the mpSi/C composites attractive candidates for high-performance and high-energy Li-ion battery anodes.
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