Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
Volume 102, Issue 3, Pages 548-555Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.115.106799
Keywords
2-oleoyl glycerol; G protein-coupled receptor 119; glucagon-like peptide 1; oleic acid; structured triacylglycerol
Categories
Funding
- Lundbeck Foundation
- Johannes Fog Foundation
- Augustinus Foundation
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research
- NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research [Holst Group] Funding Source: researchfish
- Novo Nordisk Fonden [NNF12OC1016214] Funding Source: researchfish
Ask authors/readers for more resources
Background: Dietary triglycerides can, after digestion, stimulate the intestinal release of incretin hormones through activation of G protein-coupled receptor (GPR) 119 by 2-monoacylglycerol and by the activation of fatty acid receptors for long- and short-chain fatty acids. Medium-chain fatty acids do not stimulate the release of intestinal hormones. Objective: To dissect the mechanism of fat-induced glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) release in humans, we compared the effects of tributyrin (containing short-chain fatty acids; i.e., butyric acid), olive oil [containing long-chain fatty acids; e.g., oleic acid plus 2-oleoyl glycerol (2-OG)], and 1,3-dioctanoyl-2-oleoyl glycerol (C8-dietary oil), which is digested to form medium-chain fatty acids (i.e., octanoic acid) and 2-OG. Design: In a randomized, single-blinded crossover study, 12 healthy white men [mean age: 24 y; BMI (in kg/m(2)): 22] were given the following 4 meals on 4 different days: 200 g carrots + 6.53 g tributyrin, 200 g carrots + 13.15 g C8-dietary oil, 200 g carrots + 19 g olive oil, or 200 g carrots. All of the lipids totaled 0.0216 mol. Main outcome measures were incremental areas under the curve for total GLP-1, GIP, and cholecystokinin (CCK) in plasma. Results: C8-dietary oil and olive oil showed the same GLP-1 response [583 +/- 101 and 538 +/- 71 (pmol/L) x 120 min; P = 0.733], whereas the GIP response was higher for olive oil than for C8-dietary oil [3293 +/- 404 and 1674 +/- 270 (pmol/L) x 120 min; P = 0.002]. Tributyrin and carrots alone resulted in no increase in any of the measured hormones. Peptide YY (PYY) and neurotensin responses resembled those of GLP-1. Only olive oil stimulated CCK release. Conclusions: Under our study conditions, 2-OG and GPR119 activation can fully explain the olive oil-induced secretion of GLP-1, PYY, and neurotensin. In contrast, both oleic acid and 2-OG contributed to the GIP response. Dietary butyrate did not stimulate gut hormone secretion. Olive oil-derived oleic acid seems to be fully responsible for olive oil-induced CCK secretion.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available