Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 10, Issue 6, Pages 5240-5254Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b17620
Keywords
exosomes; human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs); osteogenesis; cell-free therapy; bone tissue engineering
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [2017/81600834]
- Tason Stomatological Development Foundation
- Project for Culturing Leading Talents in Scientific and Technological Innovation of Beijing [Z171100001117169]
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Exosomes, nanoscale extracellular vesicles functioning as cell-to-cell communicators, are an emerging promising therapeutic in the field of bone tissue engineering. Here, we report the construction and evaluation of a novel cell-free tissue-engineered bone that successfully accelerated the restoration of critical-sized mouse calvarial defects through combining exosomes derived from human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffolds. The exosomes were immobilized on the polydopamine-coating PLGA (PLGA/pDA) scaffolds under mild chemical conditions. Specifically, we investigated the effects of hASC-derived exosomes on the osteogenic, proliferation, and migration capabilities of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and optimized their osteoinductive effects through osteogenic induction. Furthermore, an in vitro assay showed exosomes could release from PLGA/pDA scaffold slowly and consistently and in vivo results showed this cell-free system enhanced bone regeneration significantly, at least partially through its osteoinductive effects and capacities of promoting mesenchymal stem cells migration and homing in the newly formed bone tissue. Therefore, overall results demonstrated that our novel cell-free system comprised of hASC-derived exosomes and PLGA/pDA scaffold provides a new therapeutic paradigm for bone tissue engineering and showed promising potential in repairing bone defects.
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