Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 10, Issue 2, Pages 2114-2121Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b17342
Keywords
solid fluorescent materials; Fe2+ detection; cellulose-based sensor; phenanthroline; dual-mode detection
Funding
- National Science Foundation of China [51425307, 51573196]
- CAS President's International Fellowship Initiative (PIFI)
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Iron ions play a vital role in many biological processes, and their concentrations are responsible for human health. Therefore, it is essential to detect the concentration of iron ions by a rapid, accurate, highly selective, and practical method. Herein, we have synthesized a cellulose-based fluorescent sensor (Phen-MDI-CA) for the highly selective and rapid detection of Fe2+ ions via chemically bonding 1,10-phenanthroline-5-amine (Phen) onto cellulose acetate (CA) using 4,4'-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) as a cross linker. Benefiting from the anchoring and diluting effect of a cellulose skeleton, the resultant Phen-MDI-CA displays excellent fluorescence properties in both solution and solid state. More interestingly, a cellulose-based polymer chain significantly improves the sensitivity of phenanthroline to Fe2+ ions. Upon meeting Fe2+ ions, a red, insoluble, and nonfluorescent Fe (Phen-MDI-CA) complex appears immediately; thus, Phen-MDI-CA can work as a multimode chromogenic sensor for the highly selective, sensitive, and rapid detection of Fe2+. ions. In the instrument-free visual mode, the detection limit for Fe2+ ions is SO ppb, and in fluorescence mode, the detection limit is 2.6 ppb. To our knowledge, this is the first time that such a low detection limit for Fe2+ ions in aqueous media has been observed by the naked eye. In addition, Phen-MDI-CA has good solubility and processability in common organic solvents, which facilitates its use in different material forms, e.g., printing ink, coating, and film. Therefore, the Fe2+-responsive and chromogenic Phen-MDI-CA exhibits a huge potential in the detection and extraction of Fe2+ ions.
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