Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 10, Issue 4, Pages 3902-3911Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b19053
Keywords
perovskite solar cells; Nafion-modified PEDOT:PSS; optical-electrical-chemical properties; hydrophobic film; long-term stability
Funding
- National Basic Research Program of China [2016YFA0202400]
- National High Technology Research and Development Program of China [2015AA050602]
- National Key Basic Research Program of China [2015CB932201]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51572080]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2017XS080]
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In PIN-type perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the hydroscopicity and acidity of the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrene-sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) hole transport layer (HTL) have critical influences on the device stability. To eliminate these problems, Nafion, the hydrophobic perfluorosulfonic copolymer, is incorporated into PEDOT:PSS by a simple spin-coating process. For the modified film, Nafion/PSSH (poly(styrene sulfonate) acid) acts as an electron blocking layer on the surface and the PEDOT-rich domain tends to gather into larger particles with better interchain charge transfer inside the film. Consequently, the modified PEDOT:PSS HTL shows enhanced conductivity and light transmittance as well as more favorable work function, ending up with the increased short-circuit current density (J(sc)) and open circuit voltage (V-oc) of the device. Finally, PSCs with Nafion-modified HTLs achieve the best power conversion efficiency of 16.72%, with 23.76% improvement compared with PEDOT:PSS-only devices (13.51%). Most importantly, the device stability is obviously enhanced because of the hydrophobicity and chemical and mechanical stability of the Nafion polymer that is enriched on the surface of the PEDOT:PSS film.
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