Journal
NATURE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
Volume 1, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
NATURE RESEARCH
DOI: 10.1038/s41551-017-0041
Keywords
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Categories
Funding
- US National Institutes of Health (NIH) Director's New Innovator Award [DP2-HD075698]
- NIH/National Cancer Institute (NCI) Cancer Center Support Grant [P30-CA008748]
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nanotechnology
- Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Young Investigator's Fund
- Experimental Therapeutics Center
- Alan and Sandra Gerry Metastasis Research Initiative
- Cycle for Survival
- Frank A. Howard Scholars Program
- Honorable Tina Brozman Foundation for Ovarian Cancer Research
- Byrne Research Fund
- Anna Fuller Fund
- Commonwealth Foundation for Cancer Research
- Imaging and Radiation Sciences Program at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
- US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences (BES), and Division of Material Sciences and Engineering [DE-SC0013979]
- US National Science Foundation [TG-MCB-120014]
- DOE Office of Science [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- NCI Grant NIH T32 Training Grant [2T32CA062948-21]
- Medical Scientist Training Program grant from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the NIH [T32GM007739]
- Ovarian Cancer Research Fund Alliance (Anna Schreiber Mentored Investigator Award) [370463]
- American Cancer Society Roaring Fork Valley Research Fellowship
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the NIH [P20GM103430]
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MicroRNAs and other small oligonucleotides in biofluids are promising disease biomarkers, yet conventional assays require complex processing steps that are unsuitable for point-of-care testing or for implantable or wearable sensors. Single-walled carbon nanotubes are an ideal material for implantable sensors, owing to their emission in the near-infrared spectral region, photostability and exquisite sensitivity. Here, we report an engineered carbon-nanotube-based sensor capable of real-time optical quantification of hybridization events of microRNA and other oligonucleotides. The mechanism of the sensor arises from competitive effects between displacement of both oligonucleotide charge groups and water from the nanotube surface, which result in a solvatochromism-like response. The sensor, which allows for detection via single-molecule sensor elements and for multiplexing by using multiple nanotube chiralities, can monitor toehold-based strand-displacement events, which reverse the sensor response and regenerate the sensor complex. We also show that the sensor functions in whole urine and serum, and can non-invasively measure DNA and microRNA after implantation in live mice.
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