Journal
EVOLUTION
Volume 69, Issue 4, Pages 904-915Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/evo.12623
Keywords
Hybridization; Hyperolius; phylogenomics; population genomics; RADseq; SAo Tome and Principe
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Funding
- Microsoft Corporation
- Explorer's Club
- American Philosophical Society
- SigmaXi
- Cornell chapter of Sigma Xi
- Society of Systematic Biologists
- Mario Einaudi Center for International Studies at Cornell University
- Cornell University Graduate School
- Andrew W. Mellon Student Research Grant
- Paul P. Feeny Graduate Research fund in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
- Andrew and Margaret Paul Graduate Fellowship
- National Geographical Young Explorer's Grant
- California Academy of Sciences Gulf of Guinea Fund
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Division Of Integrative Organismal Systems [1309171] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Oceanic islands accumulate endemic species when new colonists diverge from source populations or by in situ diversification of resident island endemics. The relative importance of dispersal versus in situ speciation in generating diversity on islands varies with a number of archipelago characteristics including island size, age, and remoteness. Here, we characterize interisland dispersal and in situ speciation in frogs endemic to the Gulf of Guinea islands. Using mitochondrial sequence and genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism data, we demonstrate that dispersal proceeded from the younger island (SAo Tome) to the older island (Principe) indicating that for organisms that disperse overseas on rafts, dispersal between islands may be determined by ocean currents and not island age. We find that dispersal between the islands is not ongoing, resulting in genotypically distinct but phenotypically similar lineages on the two islands. Finally, we demonstrate that in situ diversification on SAo Tome Island likely proceeded in allopatry due to the geographic separation of breeding sites, resulting in phenotypically distinct species. We find evidence of hybridization between the species where their ranges are sympatric and the hybrid zone coincides with a transition from agricultural land to primary forest, indicating that anthropogenic development may have facilitated secondary contact between previously allopatric species.
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