Fuzzy front end of systemic innovations: A conceptual framework based on a systematic literature review

This study aims to analyze the fuzzy front end stage (FFE) of systemic innovations, which are characterised by interdependence with other innovations and actors of the business ecosystem. The methodological approach selected is a systematic literature review based on bibliometric, social network analysis and content analysis. The analysis of the literature reveals that systemic innovations are addressed in a limited manner in specialised articles on FFE. The main frameworks on FFE were analysed in-depth and a conceptual framework for the fuzzy front-end stage of systemic innovations was proposed, encompassing the following elements: (i) ecosystem mapping and identification of the organisation positioning within the ecosystem during the analysis of the influence factors; (ii) use of mechanisms of coordination, collaboration, self-regulation and adaptation as innovation drivers; (iii) conception of new business models, value networks or strategic positioning as a result of the definition of concepts; and (iv) strategic planning or corporate venture capital as stages subsequent to the FFE, instead of the formal process of new product development. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.