Journal
ENGINEERING
Volume 3, Issue 1, Pages 16-27Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.01.003
Keywords
Knee osteoarthritis; Osteoarthritic pain; Mesenchymal stem cells; Biomaterials; Regenerative engineering
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Funding
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, NIH [DP1 AR068147]
- Biomedical Trust Fund from the State of Connecticut
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Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis worldwide. The incidence of this disease is rising and its treatment poses an economic burden. Two early targets of knee OA treatment include the predominant symptom of pain, and cartilage damage in the knee joint. Current treatments have been beneficial in treating the disease but none is as effective as total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, while TKA is an end-stage solution of the disease, it is an invasive and expensive procedure. Therefore, innovative regenerative engineering strategies should be established as these could defer or annul the need for a TKA. Several biomaterial and cell-based therapies are currently in development and have shown early promise in both preclinical and clinical studies. The use of advanced biomaterials and stem cells independently or in conjunction to treat knee OA could potentially reduce pain and regenerate focal articular cartilage damage. In this review, we discuss the pathogenesis of pain and cartilage damage in knee OA and explore novel treatment options currently being studied, along with some of their limitations. (C) 2017 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier LTD on behalf of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and Higher Education Press Limited Company. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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