Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE
Volume 43, Issue 4, Pages 731-742Publisher
WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
DOI: 10.1142/S0192415X15500457
Keywords
alpha-Pinene; Inflammation; Macrophage; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase; Nuclear factor-kappa B
Funding
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant - Korea government (MSIP) [2013R1A2A2A0106785, 2011-0006220]
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In this study, we found that alpha-pinene (alpha -pinene) exhibits anti-inflammatory activity through the suppression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) pathway in mouse peritoneal macrophages. alpha-Pinene is found in the oils of many coniferous trees and rosemary. We investigated the inhibitory effects of alpha-Pinene on inflammatory responses induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) using mouse peritoneal macrophages. alpha-Pinene significantly decreased the LPS-induced production of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and nitric oxide (NO).alpha-Pinene also inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expressions in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Additionally, the activations of MAPKs and NF-kappa B were attenuated by means of alpha-pinene treatment. These results indicate that alpha-pinene has an anti-inflammatory effect and that it is a potential candidate as a new drug to treat various inflammatory diseases.
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