Metal-Organic Frameworks for Energy Applications

Recently, the development of clean sustainable energy storage and conversion technologies to deal with environmental pollution and the forthcoming energy crisis has attracted much attention in the energy research community. It is critical to develop carriers to store energy or to facilitate mass and electron transportation in energy storage and conversion. The emerging metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are well suited for this purpose because of their inherent advantages, including structural diversity, functionality, tailorability, and versatile applications. Moreover, when utilized as supports and sacrificial precursors, MOFs can immobilize active functional materials and create highly controllable nanostructures, respectively, gaining new momentum for energy applications. In this review, we present the recent progress in the field of energy storage and conversion using MOFs and their composites and derivatives by focusing on the correlation of structure, composition, and function.