Journal
NATURE REVIEWS MATERIALS
Volume 2, Issue 9, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/natrevmats.2017.46
Keywords
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Funding
- Key Special Project of Nanotechnology of China [2016YFA0200200]
- National Basic Research Program of China [2013CB933001]
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2017YFB1104300]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51433005, 21674056, 21325415, 51673026]
- Beijing Natural Science Foundation [2152028]
- Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Comission [Z161100002116022]
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The high specific surface area and the excellent mechanical, electrical, optical and thermal properties of graphene make it an attractive component for high-performance stimuli-responsive or 'smart' materials. Complementary to these inherent properties, functionalization or hybridization can substantially improve the performance of these materials. Typical graphene-based smart materials include mechanically exfoliated perfect graphene, chemical vapour deposited high-quality graphene, chemically modified graphene (for example, graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide) and their macroscopic assemblies or composites. These materials are sensitive to a range of stimuli, including gas molecules or biomolecules, pH value, mechanical strain, electrical field, and thermal or optical excitation. In this Review, we outline different graphene-based smart materials and their potential applications in actuators, chemical or strain sensors, self-healing materials, photothermal therapy and controlled drug delivery. We also introduce the working mechanisms of graphene-based smart materials and discuss the challenges facing the realization of their practical applications.
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