Journal
ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE
Volume 4, Issue 12, Pages -Publisher
ROYAL SOC
DOI: 10.1098/rsos.170852
Keywords
Argentinean Espinal; carnivores; interviews; livestock predation; mitigation; Puma concolor
Categories
Funding
- Universita di Parma (Italia)
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET)
- Proyectos de Investigacion Plurianuales (CONICET)
- Secretaria de Ciencia y Tecnica-Universidad Nacional del Sur [PGI 24B/198]
- Wild Felid Research and Management Association
- Conservation, Research and Education Opportunities International (CREOi)
- Felidae Conservation Fund
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Livestock predation is one of the major causes of conflicts between humans and pumas (Puma concolor). Using data from interviews with ranchers and kill-site inspections, we characterized puma-livestock conflicts in Villarino and Patagones counties of central Argentinean rangelands. Depredation was considered the major cause of livestock losses, and puma attacks were reported in 46.6% and 35.4% of ranches in Villarino and Patagones, respectively. The majority of ranches underwent losses smaller than 1000 USD. The proportion of livestock lost to predation (0.1-10.4%) and financial losses (5.3-1560.4 USD) per ranch/year varied across ranches, and small sheep ranches in Villarino were affected the most. Depredation was recorded only at night and preferentially in grassland with shrubs and cropland habitats. Although nocturnal enclosures appeared to decrease sheep losses, puma hunting was considered the most effective form of reducing depredation and was implemented by most ranchers. Mortality rates were 3.7 and 1.1-1.56 individuals/year x 100 km(2) for sheep and pumas, respectively. Nocturnal fencing, shepherding and spatial separation from predators may efficiently reduce sheep losses. However, the poor association between the intensity of puma persecution and puma-related livestock losses suggests that conflict mitigation in central Argentina is not only about reducing damage but also about increasing tolerance.
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