Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW C
Volume 94, Issue 5, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.94.054908
Keywords
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Categories
Funding
- Grid centres
- Worldwide LHC Computing Grid (WLCG) Collaboration
- State Committee of Science, Armenia
- World Federation of Scientists (WFS), Armenia
- Swiss Fonds Kidagan, Armenia
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Brazil
- Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP), Brazil
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP), Brazil
- Ministry of Science AMP
- Technology of China (MSTC)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)
- Ministry of Education of China (MOEC)
- Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of Croatia, Croatia
- Unity through Knowledge Fund, Croatia
- Ministry of Education and Youth of the Czech Republic
- Danish Natural Science Research Council
- Carlsberg Foundation
- Danish National Research Foundation
- European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme
- Helsinki Institute of Physics
- Academy of Finland
- French CNRS-IN2P3, France
- Region Pays de Loire, France
- Region Alsace, France
- Region Auvergne, France
- CEA, France
- German Bundesministerium fur Bildung
- Wissenschaft
- Forschung und Technologie (BMBF)
- Helmholtz Association
- General Secretariat for Research and Technology, Ministry of Development, Greece
- National Research, Development and Innovation Office (NKFIH), Hungary
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi, India
- Department of Atomic Energy and Department of Science and Technology of the Government of India
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Italy
- Centro Fermi-Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Italy
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI, Japan
- MEXT, Japan
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)
- Consejo Nacional de Cienca y Tecnologia (CONACYT), Mexico
- Direccion General de Asuntos del Personal Academico (DGAPA), Mexico
- Amerique Latine Formation academique-European Commission (ALFA-EC), Netherlands
- EPLANET Program (European Particle Physics Latin American Network), Netherlands
- Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM), Netherlands
- Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), Netherlands
- Research Council of Norway (NFR)
- Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru
- National Science Centre, Poland
- Ministry of National Education/Institute for Atomic Physics and National Council of Scientific Research in Higher Education (CNCSI-UEFISCDI), Romania
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
- Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Russian Federal Agency of Atomic Energy
- Russian Federal Agency for Science and Innovations
- Russian Foundation for Basic Research
- Ministry of Education of Slovakia
- Department of Science and Technology, South Africa
- Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas, Medioambientales y Tecnologicas (CIEMAT)
- E-Infrastructure shared between Europe and Latin America (EELA)
- Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) of Spain
- Xunta de Galicia (Conselleria de Educacion)
- Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnologicas y Desarrollo Nuclear (CEADEN), Cubaenergia, Cuba
- IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency)
- Swedish Research Council (VR)
- Knut AMP
- Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW)
- National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSDTA)
- Suranaree University of Technology (SUT)
- Office of the Higher Education Commission under NRU project of Thailand
- Ukraine Ministry of Education and Science
- United Kingdom Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)
- United States Department of Energy
- United States National Science Foundation
- State of Texas
- State of Ohio
- STFC [ST/M00158X/1, ST/M00340X/1, ALICE, 2014 STFC Nuclear Physics CG, ST/M001601/1, ST/J000108/1, ST/N00261X/1, ST/L005751/1, ST/L005670/1, ST/M001598/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/M00158X/1, ST/J000108/1, ST/L005751/1, 1371016, 2014 STFC Nuclear Physics CG, 1521430, ST/M001601/1, GRIDPP, ST/M00340X/1, ST/N00261X/1, ST/L005670/1, ALICE, 1523365, ST/M001598/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [15H03664, 25287048, 15K17630, 26610071] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Background: In the context of the investigation of the quark gluon plasma produced in heavy-ion collisions, hadrons containing heavy (charm or beauty) quarks play a special role for the characterization of the hot and dense medium created in the interaction. The measurement of the production of charm and beauty hadrons in proton-proton collisions, besides providing the necessary reference for the studies in heavy-ion reactions, constitutes an important test of perturbative quantum chromodynamics (pQCD) calculations. Heavy-flavor production in proton-nucleus collisions is sensitive to the various effects related to the presence of nuclei in the colliding system, commonly denoted cold-nuclear-matter effects. Most of these effects are expected to modify open-charm production at low transverse momenta (p(T)) and, so far, no measurement of D-meson production down to zero transverse momentum was available at mid-rapidity at the energies attained at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Purpose: The measurements of the production cross sections of promptly produced charmed mesons in p-Pb collisions at the LHC down to p(T) = 0 and the comparison to the results from pp interactions are aimed at the assessment of cold-nuclear-matter effects on open-charm production, which is crucial for the interpretation of the results from Pb-Pb collisions. The prompt charmed mesons D-0, D+, D*+, and D-s(+) were measured at mid-rapidity in p-Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair root S-NN = 5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. D mesons were reconstructed from their decays D-0 -> K- pi(+), D+ -> K- pi(+) pi(+), D*+ -> D-0 pi(+), D-S(+) -> phi pi(+) -> K- K+ pi(+), and their charge conjugates, using an analysis method based on the selection of decay topologies displaced from the interaction vertex. In addition, the prompt D 0 production cross section was measured in pp collisions at root S = 7 TeV and p-Pb collisions at root S-NN = 5.02 TeV down to p(T) = 0 using an analysis technique that is based on the estimation and subtraction of the combinatorial background, without reconstruction of the D-0 decay vertex. Results: The production cross section in pp collisions is described within uncertainties by different implementations of pQCD calculations down to p(T) = 0. This allowed also a determination of the total c (c) over bar production cross section in pp collisions, which is more precise than previous ALICE measurements because it is not affected by uncertainties owing to the extrapolation to pT = 0. The nuclear modification factor R-pPb( p(T)), defined as the ratio of the p(T)-differential D meson cross section in p-Pb collisions and that in pp collisions scaled by the mass number of the Pb nucleus, was calculated for the four D-meson species and found to be compatible with unity within uncertainties. The results are compared to theoretical calculations that include cold-nuclear-matter effects and to transport model calculations incorporating the interactions of charm quarks with an expanding deconfined medium. Conclusions: These measurements add experimental evidence that the modification of the D-meson transverse momentum distributions observed in Pb-Pb collisions with respect to pp interactions is due to strong final-state effects induced by the interactions of the charm quarks with the hot and dense partonic medium created in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. The current precision of the measurement does not allow us to draw conclusions on the role of the different cold-nuclear-matter effects and on the possible presence of additional hot-medium effects in p-Pb collisions. However, the analysis technique without decay-vertex reconstruction, applied on future larger data samples, should provide access to the physics-rich range down to p(T) = 0.
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