Journal
JOURNAL OF PEASANT STUDIES
Volume 43, Issue 5, Pages 1010-1034Publisher
ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/03066150.2016.1168812
Keywords
Mongolia; community-based natural resource management (CBNRM); social networks; politics; spatiality; rangelands
Categories
Funding
- OSI Assistance Foundation's CARTI-J project 'Perceived environmental change in Mongolia: Herders becoming environmental subjects'
- Swiss Confederation Project 'Socio-cultural dimensions of change & development in the Mongolian pastoral economy' [8109444]
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In recent years, the number of community-based natural resource management projects for rangeland conservation and development has grown rapidly in Mongolia. Such projects seek to develop social capital through the formation of herder groups and pasture user groups, in order to enable the coordination of complex, collective tasks needed for sustainability. Through analysis of social networks, interviews and ethnographic data from two places where such projects have been implemented, Bayanjargalan, Dundgovi, and Tariat, Arkhangai, the paper demonstrates that the spatiality of pastoral social relations is much more extensive than assumed by these projects. Furthermore, rather than being neutral technical interventions, such projects are embedded in and proliferate politics. They often bolster the informal power of wealthy herders who gain more access to pasture, while at the same time leading to tensions between different levels of government and becoming objects of struggle between Mongolia's two dominant political parties. For all of these reasons, these efforts have tended not to build trust, and the communities' they create, in the form of herder groups and pasture user groups, have tended to be ephemeral.
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