Journal
CHILD DEVELOPMENT
Volume 87, Issue 6, Pages 1747-1757Publisher
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1111/cdev.12635
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Funding
- National Social Science Foundation of China [NSSFC: 14ZDB161]
- Chinese Academy of Sciences [KJZD-EW-L04]
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This study investigated the motivational and social-cognitive foundations (i.e., inequality aversion, in-group bias, and theory of mind) that underlie the development of sharing behavior among 3- to 9-year-old Chinese children (N=122). Each child played two mini-dictator games against an in-group member (friend) and an out-group member (stranger) to divide four stickers. Results indicated that there was a small to moderate age-related increase in children's egalitarian sharing with strangers, whereas the age effect was moderate to large in interactions with friends. Moreover, 3- to 4-year-olds did not treat strangers and friends differently, but 5- to 6-year-old and older children showed strong in-group favoritism. Finally, theory of mind was an essential prerequisite for children's sharing behavior toward strangers, but not a unique predictor of their sharing with friends.
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