Journal
ONCOIMMUNOLOGY
Volume 6, Issue 6, Pages -Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/2162402X.2017.1317420
Keywords
Eosinophils; interleukin (IL)-33; melanoma; mouse models; pulmonary metastasis
Categories
Funding
- Italian Association for Cancer Research (AIRC) [IG 14297]
- Italian Ministry of Health [RF-2011-02347120]
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The alarmin IL-33 is an IL-1 family member that stimulates pleiotropic immune reactions depending on the target tissue and microenvironmental factors. In this study, we have investigated the role of IL-33/ST2 axis in antitumor response to melanoma. Injection of IL-33 in mice-bearing subcutaneous B16.F10 melanoma resulted in significant tumor growth delay. This effect was associated with intratumoral accumulation of CD8(+) T cells and eosinophils, decrease of immunosuppressive myeloid cells, and a mixed Th1/Th2 cytokine expression pattern with local and systemic activation of CD8(+) T and NK cells. Moreover, intranasal administration of IL-33 determined ST2-dependent eosinophil recruitment in the lung that prevented the onset of pulmonary metastasis after intravenous injection of melanoma cells. Accordingly, ST2-deficient mice developed pulmonary metastasis at higher extent than wild-type counterparts, associated with lower eosinophil frequencies in the lung. Of note, depletion of eosinophils by in vivo treatment with anti-Siglec-F antibody abolished the ability of IL-33 to both restrict primary tumor growth and metastasis formation. Finally, we show that IL-33 is able to activate eosinophils resulting in efficient killing of target melanoma cells, suggesting a direct antitumor activity of eosinophils following IL-33 treatment. Our results advocate for an eosinophil-mediated antitumoral function of IL-33 against melanoma, thus opening perspectives for novel cancer immunotherapy strategies.
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