The cause of occurrence of microorganisms in civil engineering and the dangers associated with their growth

The paper is focused on degradation caused by microorganisms, a process called biodegradation, and on risks for human health caused by them. Bacteria and algae are the primary microorganisms on external building surfaces. These pioneer microorganisms have an enriched space of organic carbon, which is necessary for the growth of any subsequent microorganism which is often mold. Biodegradation is a synergic process of chemical reactions (chemical biodegradation) and physical effects of microbial bodies on building materials (biophysical degradation). The paper is a summary of the current state of art and knowledge in the field of biodegradation. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd.