Journal
PEERJ
Volume 5, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PEERJ INC
DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3428
Keywords
Oxygen Minimum Zone; Archaeal Virus; Archaea; Oxygen; Temperature; Thermoplasmata
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation (OCE) [1536989]
- Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (GBMF) [3790]
- National Science Foundation [1151698, 1558916, 1564559]
- Sloan Foundation grant [RC944]
- Simons Foundation [346253]
- Directorate For Geosciences
- Division Of Ocean Sciences [1558916] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Ocean Sciences
- Directorate For Geosciences [1151698] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Div Of Biological Infrastructure
- Direct For Biological Sciences [1564559] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Ask authors/readers for more resources
Oceanic viruses that infect bacteria, or phages, are known to modulate host diversity, metabolisms, and biogeochemical cycling, while the viruses that infect marine Archaea remain understudied despite the critical ecosystem roles played by their hosts. Here we introduce MArVD, for Metagenomic Archaeal Virus Detector, an annotation tool designed to identify putative archaeal virus contigs in metagenomic datasets. MArVD is made publicly available through the online iVirus analytical platform. Benchmarking analysis of MArVD showed it to be >99% accurate and 100% sensitive in identifying the 127 known archaeal viruses among the 12,499 viruses in the VirSorter curated dataset. Application of MArVD to 10 viral metagenomes from two depth profiles in the Eastern Tropical North Pacific (ETNP) oxygen minimum zone revealed 43 new putative archaeal virus genomes and large genome fragments ranging in size from 10 to 31 kb. Network-based classifications, which were consistent with marker gene phylogenies where available, suggested that these putative archaeal virus contigs represented six novel candidate genera. Ecological analyses, via fragment recruitment and ordination, revealed that the diversity and relative abundances of these putative archaeal viruses were correlated with oxygen concentration and temperature along two OMZ-spanning depth profiles, presumably due to structuring of the host Archaea community. Peak viral diversity and abundances were found in surface waters, where Thermoplasmata 16S rRNA genes are prevalent, suggesting these archaea as hosts in the surface habitats. Together these findings provide a baseline for identifying archaeal viruses in sequence datasets, and an initial picture of the ecology of such viruses in non-extreme environments.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available