Journal
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
Volume 14, Issue -, Pages 622-628Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.03.001
Keywords
Cerebellum; Diffusion tensor imaging; Functional connectivity; Psychosis risk; Longitudinal; Neuroimaging
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [R01MH094650, R21/R33MH103231, F32MH102898, F32DA034412]
- Brain & Behavior Research Foundation NARSAD Young Investigator Award
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Prospective longitudinal evaluation of adolescents at ultra-high-risk (UHR) for the development of psychosis enables an enriched neurodevelopmental perspective of disease progression in the absence of many of the factors that typically confound research with formally psychotic patients (antipsychotic medications, drug/alcohol dependence). The cerebellum has been linked to cognitive dysfunction and symptom severity in schizophrenia and recent work from our team suggests that it is a promising target for investigation in UHR individuals as well. However, the cerebellum and cerebello-thalamo-cortical networks have not been investigated developmentally or with respect to disease progression in this critical population. Further, to date, the types of longitudinal multimodal connectivity studies that would substantially inform our understanding of this area have not yet been conducted. In the present investigation 26 UHR and 24 healthy control adolescents were administered structured clinical interviews and scanned at baseline and then again at 12-month rime points to investigate both functional and structural connectivity development of cerebello-thalamo-cortical networks in conjunction with symptom progression. Our results provide evidence of abnormal functional and structural cerebellar network development in the UHR group. Crucially, we also found that cerebello-thalamo-cortical network development and connectivity al baseline arc associated with positive symptom course, suggesting that cerebellar networks may be a biomarker of disease progression. Together, these findings provide support for neurodevelopmental models of psychotic disorders and suggest that the cerebellum and respective networks with the cortex may be especially important for elucidating the pathophysiology of psychosis and highlighting novel treatment targets. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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