Journal
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
Volume 15, Issue -, Pages 95-105Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.04.017
Keywords
Focal cortical dysplasia; Biophysical tissue properties; Histology; Radiology; MRI Quantitative mapping; qMRI; Quantitative MRI; Epilepsy surgery; Malformation of cortical development
Categories
Funding
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust
- Henry Smith Charity
- Action Medical Research [GN2214]
- Rosetrees Trust
- Brain Tumour Charity
- Great Ormond Street Children's Charity
- Children with Cancer
- Action Medical Research [2214] Funding Source: researchfish
- Epilepsy Research UK [P1106] Funding Source: researchfish
- Great Ormond Street Hospital Childrens Charity [V1213] Funding Source: researchfish
- Medical Research Council [G1002276, G0300117] Funding Source: researchfish
- National Institute for Health Research [NF-SI-0515-10073] Funding Source: researchfish
- Rosetrees Trust [M413] Funding Source: researchfish
- MRC [G1002276, G0300117] Funding Source: UKRI
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Focal cortical dysplasias (FCDs) are a range of malformations of cortical development each with specific histopathological features. Conventional radiological assessment of standard structural MRI is useful for the localization of lesions but is unable to accurately predict the histopathological features. Quantitative MRI offers the possibility to probe tissue biophysical properties in vivo and may bridge the gap between radiological assessment and ex-vivo histology. This review will cover histological, genetic and radiological features of FCD following the ILAE classification and will explain how quantitative voxel-and surface-based techniques can characterise these features. We will provide an overview of the quantitative MRI measures available, their link with biophysical properties and finally the potential application of quantitative MRI to the problem of FCD subtyping. Future research linking quantitative MRI to FCD histological properties should improve clinical protocols, allow better characterisation of lesions in vivo and tailored surgical planning to the individual.
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