Journal
JOURNAL OF THORACIC DISEASE
Volume 9, Issue -, Pages S36-S51Publisher
AME PUBL CO
DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2017.03.122
Keywords
Cardiac fibroblasts; embryonic development; lineage tracing; fibroblast markers; endothelial cells; smooth muscle cells; cardiomyocytes; cardiac cell composition
Categories
Funding
- DSHF
- DGTHG
- Bayerische Forschungsstiftung [AZ-1012-12]
- Deutsche Stiftung fur Herzforschung [F/37/11]
- Deutsches Zentrum fur Herz Kreislauf Forschung [DZHK B 15-005, DZHK B 15-039SE]
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft-Sachmittelantrag [KR3770/7-1, KR3770/9-1]
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Fibroblasts are cells with a structural function, synthesizing components of the extracellular matrix. They are accordingly associated with various forms of connective tissue. During cardiac development fibroblasts originate from different sources. Most derive from the epicardium, some derive from the endocardium, and a small population derives from the neural crest. Cardiac fibroblasts have important functions during development, homeostasis, and disease. However, since fibroblasts are a very heterogeneous cell population no truly specific markers exist. Therefore, studying them in detail is difficult. Nevertheless, several lineage tracing models have been widely used. In this review, we describe the developmental origins of cardiac fibroblasts, comment on fibroblast markers and related lineage tracing approaches, and discuss the cardiac cell composition, which has recently been revised, especially in terms of non-myocyte cells.
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