Journal
JOURNAL OF CO2 UTILIZATION
Volume 18, Issue -, Pages 237-249Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2017.01.028
Keywords
Polymeric scaffold; Aerogels; Ketoprofen; Supercritical CO2; Bone regeneration; Regenerative medicine
Funding
- MINECO [SAF2014-52632-R, RYC-2014-15239]
- Banco Santander SA [JPI]
- Xunta de Galicia [ED431F 2016/010, ED431C 2016/PG020]
- FEDER
- FCT-MEC [FCT IF/00455/2013, SFRH/BPD/101048/2014]
- [PEst-C/EQB/UI0102/2013]
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [PEst-C/EQB/UI0102/2013] Funding Source: FCT
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Bone regeneration requires scaffolds with a suitable nanostructured 3D-network and decorated with bioactive functionalities to promote cell ingrowth and induce the intended biological responses. In this work, highly porous poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds containing biodegradable mesoporous microparticles (starch aerogel microspheres) and a bioactive compound (ketoprofen, a NSAID) were designed and produced using supercritical technologies (scCO(2) impregnation/deposition and foaming) for bone regeneration purposes. One-micron-sized starch aerogel microspheres were processed for the first time. The effects of the incorporation of aerogel powders in the synthetic PCL-based scaffolds on the morphological, physico-chemical and mechanical properties of the construct were evaluated by N-2 adsorption-desorption analysis, scanning electron microscopy, mercury intrusion porosimetry, 3Dmodeling, dynamic mechanical analysis and differential scanning calorimetry methods. Scaffolds containing starch aerogels presented an increased porosity and pore interconnectivity to promote the bone tissue growth processes at the expense of a minor decrease in the mechanical properties. The scaffolds showed sustained release of ketoprofen (37 degrees C, pH 7.4) in the timeframe of days with faster release rate in the case of scaffolds containing starch aerogels. Therefore, scaffolds containing starch aerogel microspheres and obtained by supercritical foaming are an attractive solution to obtain drugloaded scaffolds with accurate pore structure (porosity, pore size distribution, interconnectivity) for cell in-growth and with sustained release profiles of bioactive compounds. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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