The aggregation pheromones of thrips (Thysanoptera) and their potential for pest management

Aggregation pheromones have been identified and tested in the field for Frankliniella occidentalis and Thrips palmi. These pheromones are produced by adult males and attract both males and females. They are likely to be widespread across the Thripidae and identification is in progress for several other pest species. Aggregation pheromones are used commercially for monitoring and activation. Field trials have shown they can be cost effective for mass trapping when used as part of an integrated pest management (IPM) programme. Use for other approaches, such as lure and kill and mating disruption have not yet been tested. A better understanding of the role of these pheromones in the mating behaviour of thrips is needed and this may suggest further ways of developing their potential for pest management.