Journal
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
Volume 8, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00765
Keywords
diabetes mellitus; gallstones; metformin; Taiwan; National Health Insurance Program
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Funding
- Taiwan Ministry of Health and Welfare Clinical Trial Center [MOHW106-TDU-B-212-113004]
- China Medical University Hospital
- Taiwan Clinical Trial Consortium for Stroke [MOST 106-2321-B-039-005]
- Tseng-Lien Lin Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan
- Taiwan Brain Disease Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan
- Katsuzo and Kiyo Aoshima Memorial Funds, Japan
- Academia Sinica Taiwan Biobank Stroke Biosignature Project [BM10601010036]
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Objective: Few studies are available on the association between gallstones and metformin use. The objective of the study was to determine whether metformin use is associated with gallstones. Methods: A population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted using the database of the Taiwan National Health Insurance Program. Subjects of newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus were included from 2002 to 2013. The metformin-exposure group was defined as >= 29 cumulative defined daily dose (DDD) of metformin use. The un-exposure group was defined as <29 cumulative DDD of metformin use. The major endpoint was a new diagnosis of gallstones during the follow-up period. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to evaluate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of gallstones associated with metformin use. Results: After controlling for potential confounders, the adjusted HRs of gallstones were 1.11 (95% CI: 0.84-1.46) for subjects with metformin dosage of 29-180 cumulative DDD, and 0.57 (95% CI: 0.42-0.78) for subjects with metformin dosage >180 cumulative DDD, compared with the un-exposure group. Conclusion: Long-term use of metformin is associated with reduced risk of gallstones.
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