Journal
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 11, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00665
Keywords
neural interface; neural probe; intracortical; microelectrode; fabrication; implantable; microsystem
Categories
Funding
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) through the Empowering Next Generation Implantable Neural Interfaces (ENGINI) fellowship [EP/M020975/1]
- EPSRC [EP/M020975/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/M020975/1] Funding Source: researchfish
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Implantable neural interfaces for central nervous system research have been designed with wire, polymer, or micromachining technologies over the past 70 years. Research on biocompatible materials, ideal probe shapes, and insertion methods has resulted in building more and more capable neural interfaces. Although the trend is promising, the long-termreliability of such devices has not yet met the required criteria for chronic human application. The performance of neural interfaces in chronic settings often degrades due to foreign body response to the implant that is initiated by the surgical procedure, and related to the probe structure, and material properties used in fabricating the neural interface. In this review, we identify the key requirements for neural interfaces for intracortical recording, describe the three different types of probes-microwire, micromachined, and polymer-based probes; their materials, fabrication methods, and discuss their characteristics and related challenges.
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