Journal
CHEMELECTROCHEM
Volume 4, Issue 12, Pages 3309-3313Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/celc.201700662
Keywords
additive manufacturing; concentration polarization; interface; kinetics; printed electrodes
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Funding
- European Research Council (ERC) under European Union's Horizon research and innovation program [694946]
- Alexander-von-Humboldt Foundation
- Cluster of Excellence Tailor-made Fuels from Biomass (TMFB) - Excellence Initiative of the German federal and state governments
- Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO) [28761]
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Today's electrochemical reactor design is a less developed discipline as compared to electrocatalytic synthesis. Although catalysts show increasing conversion rates, they are often operated without measures for the reduction of concentration polarization effects. As a result, a stagnant boundary layer forms at the electrode-electrolyte interface. This stagnant boundary layer presents an additional voltage drop and reduces the energy efficiency. It is generally accepted that this phenomenon is caused by a combination of fast electrode reactions and slow diffusion of the reacting species. Our earlier work demonstrated the potential of non-conducting static mixers to reduce concentration polarization effects. However, there are few studies on conductive static mixers applied as electrodes. In this study, we present a new concept of additive manufactured flow through electrode mixers. Our electrode geometry combines a high surface area with mixing properties, diminishing concentration polarization effects of transport-limited reactions. Mass transport properties of these conductive static mixers are evaluated in an additive manufactured electrochemical reactor under controlled conditions by applying the limiting-current method.
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